If you are familiar with Greek mythology, you might notice many similarities with Norse mythology when you start reading about it (or vice versa). This is not necessarily surprising. Many themes are recurrent in all human mythologies. We find similarities between ancient Egyptian religion, the Mayan religion conceived millennia later on the other side of…
It is sometimes surprising that the name Sweyn Forkbeard is not more famous, as he was the first Viking to successfully make himself King of England, not to mention Denmark and Norway. He only held the title for five weeks, but if it wasn’t for his untimely death, the history of England could look very…
While the Vikings did not have the kind of complex law and justice system that most countries have today, they had methods for managing communal justice. Even before the Vikings began to write down their laws in the 13th century, individuals could behave in a way that was considered unacceptable by the broader community. One…
The Vikings believed in the possibility of revenants, that is the dead returning to wreak havoc on the living. Among the Vikings, the undead of nightmares were often called draugr or aptrganga, which means “after walkers.” They are usually described as having blue skin, which was a common indicator of death. The giantess Hel is…
Like everyone, the Vikings used numbers as part of everyday life and needed a way to write them down. However, unlike modern English, which uses the Latin alphabet and Arabic numerals, the Vikings had their runic alphabet, but no separate designated numerals. But that didn’t mean that the Vikings did not have a way to…
History often focuses on the activities of the Vikings in England as they moved from raiding for riches at the end of the 8th century, to the campaign of the Great Heathen Army in the 9th century, to settlement activities in the 10th century, and were eventually largely expelled in the 11th century by the…
We usually think of the Vikings as sailing out of the Scandinavian homes to Britain where they pillaged, stole, and massacred many of the local inhabitants. But in a historic massacre that took place on St Brice’s day in 1002 CE, the Anglo-Saxons turned the tables on the Vikings, massacring many of the Vikings who…
According to accepted history, the Danes were the main raiding Vikings, who devastated communities in the British Isles and France. The Norwegian Vikings were the explorers, colonizing Iceland and Greenland, and sailing as far as North America. However, despite this, new evidence suggests that the Norwegians had a more violent society than their Danish cousins.…
Hoards are among the most important archaeological finds for many cultures, including the Vikings. A hoard could also be called a “wealth deposit”, because they are basically a group of valuable objects collected by someone and then deposited somewhere, usually in the ground. It is assumed that most hoards were deposited to protect wealth, with…
The Viking homelands are in the northern climes of Europe where ice and snow, not to mention freezing temperatures and food scarcity, are a fact of life for several months of the year. Is it any wonder then that the innovative Vikings mastered the art of skiing ? The Mythology of Ice According to the…
