We have previously talked about the pagan Norse Yule traditions that have found their way into modern Christmas celebrations, and the clear parallels between the figure of Father Christmas and the god Odin. But today, let’s look at some of the traditional Celtic traditions still lingering in modern Christmas celebrations. Winter Solstice Of course, like…
The Vikings had a range of burial practices that reflected their rich belief in life after death. But the burial practice that has most caught the imagination of modern enthusiasts is the ship burial. Since the Vikings were seafaring raiders and traders, sailing must have seemed like a fitting way to travel into the afterlife.…
If you have read anything about the Vikings in England, you have probably come across the term “danegeld.” Scholars use this term to refer to money collected from locals and paid to the Vikings not to attack, much like the modern Mafia. However, the term “danegeld” was not coined until after the Norman conquest of…
One of the cornerstones of Norse mythology is Ragnarök. “Ragnarök” means “twilight of the gods” and it is a prophecy originally delivered to Odin about how the world will end. You can read our full account of what happens at Ragnarök, according to the prophecy, here. But it is always complicated when talking about Ragnarök…
If you are familiar with Greek mythology, you might notice many similarities with Norse mythology when you start reading about it (or vice versa). This is not necessarily surprising. Many themes are recurrent in all human mythologies. We find similarities between ancient Egyptian religion, the Mayan religion conceived millennia later on the other side of…
It is sometimes surprising that the name Sweyn Forkbeard is not more famous, as he was the first Viking to successfully make himself King of England, not to mention Denmark and Norway. He only held the title for five weeks, but if it wasn’t for his untimely death, the history of England could look very…
While the Vikings did not have the kind of complex law and justice system that most countries have today, they had methods for managing communal justice. Even before the Vikings began to write down their laws in the 13th century, individuals could behave in a way that was considered unacceptable by the broader community. One…
The Vikings believed in the possibility of revenants, that is the dead returning to wreak havoc on the living. Among the Vikings, the undead of nightmares were often called draugr or aptrganga, which means “after walkers.” They are usually described as having blue skin, which was a common indicator of death. The giantess Hel is…
History often focuses on the activities of the Vikings in England as they moved from raiding for riches at the end of the 8th century, to the campaign of the Great Heathen Army in the 9th century, to settlement activities in the 10th century, and were eventually largely expelled in the 11th century by the…
According to accepted history, the Danes were the main raiding Vikings, who devastated communities in the British Isles and France. The Norwegian Vikings were the explorers, colonizing Iceland and Greenland, and sailing as far as North America. However, despite this, new evidence suggests that the Norwegians had a more violent society than their Danish cousins.…